As a Small Island Developing State, the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, because STP has already experienced extensive coastal erosions and has suffered damages from extreme weather events (heavy rainfall and hurricanes), as well as droughts. The country’s key economic sectors: Fisheries and Aquaculture, Tourism, new renewable energy, infrastructures and maritime transport, environment are part of the Blue Economy, and as such, have been planned together in a specific National Strategy (Transition Strategy for the Blue Economy, 2019), under the leadership of the Ministry of Planning, Finance and Blue Economy. This National Strategy has been adopted as a law in August 2022 strengthening the political will to achieve the transition toward green and blue economy (STP Vision 2030). These sectors can be strongly concerned by climate change challenges noted in STP because all of them can be potentially affected by climate impacts mentioned above.