This paper is an addendum complementing document GCF/B.18/12. It provides additional information on collaborative research, development and demonstration (RD&D) and the link to climate technology development and transfer, trends in the collaborative RD&D of climate technologies, application of financing instruments, an analysis and illustration of how key lessons assist in delivering against GCF investment criteria, and illustrative case studies.

For the purpose of this paper, the concept used is collaborative RD&D, consistent with its application by the relevant UNFCCC thematic body.