This report presents the findings and recommendations of the Independent Evaluation of the Green Climate Fund’s Environmental and Social Safeguards (ESS) and the Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS). The Independent Evaluation Unit of the GCF conducted this evaluation as part of its 2019 Work Plan, which was approved by the GCF Board at its twenty-first meeting (B.21) in October 2018 (GCF/B.21/13).